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Fingerprinting explained

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Canvas fingerprinting explained: why random noise gives a browser away

How a canvas fingerprint is made, why it differs between computers, why blocking or random noise stands out, and how to test your own browser in two minutes.

Fingerprinting explained7 min read
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Fingerprint consistency: why mismatched values give a browser away

Why detection systems care more about contradictions than rare values, the eight mismatches they check most, and console snippets to check each one yourself.

Fingerprinting explained6 min read
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How to test your browser fingerprint, and how to read the results

A step-by-step guide to running a browser fingerprint test, reading every section and consistency check, and comparing two runs to test browser profiles.

Fingerprinting explained8 min read
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TLS fingerprinting (JA3 and JA4) explained for browser users

How sites fingerprint the TLS handshake and HTTP/2 settings before any page loads, what JA3 and JA4 measure, what changes them, and how to check your own browser.

Fingerprinting explained7 min read
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User agent and client hints: keeping JavaScript and headers in agreement

How the user agent string, Sec-CH-UA headers and getHighEntropyValues fit together, why changing only one of them gives a browser away, and how to check yours.

Fingerprinting explained7 min read
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WebGL and WebGPU fingerprinting: what your graphics card gives away

What WebGL and WebGPU reveal about your graphics card (names, limits, extensions, rendered images), why a fake renderer contradicts real hardware, and how to check.

Fingerprinting explained6 min read
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What is browser fingerprinting? How websites recognise your browser

Browser fingerprinting identifies a browser from the details it reveals, without cookies. What goes into a fingerprint, why consistency matters and how to test yours.

Fingerprinting explained9 min read
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